Stiff-leg derrick.



s. B. HARMNG.

STIPE` LEG DBRRIGK.

APPLICATION FILED BEB.`13, 1912.

Patented June 23, 1914.

4 SHBETSSHEBT l.

...M \M /WHw/n 1 y. 5 M f. o M

COLUMNA WWII WWAIHINGTON. D- C.

S. B. HARDING.

STIFF LEG' DERRICK.

APPLIUATLON FILED rma. 13, 1912.

Patented June 23,1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET?.

COS-Um WIA, 00|. www D. C.

S. B. HARDIN'G.

STIFF LEG DERRIGK.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 13, 1912.

.1, 100,873, Patented June 23, 1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

coLuMmA PLANQGRAPH cir-.WASHINGTON D. c.

S. B. HARDING.

STIFF LEG DERRIGK.

APPLICATION FILED IBB. 13, 1912.

Patented June 23,1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

COLUMBIA PLANOUMPH Co.. WASHINGTON. D, c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL B. HAIR'DING, OF WAUKESI-IA, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO MODERN STEELSTRUCTURAL COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF WISCONSIN.

STIFF-LEG DERRICK.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, SAMUEL B. HARDING, ofWaukesha, lVisconsin, have invented a Stiff-Leg Derrick, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to hoisting apparatus and more particularly thatclass known as stiff-leg derricks or portable jib-cranes, in which themast is supported at its upper end by a pair of oblique strut-ties invertical planes which intersect at a right angle. This type of derrickhas some great advantages for building-contractors, and it is my obj ectto improve it with particular reference to obviating its disadvantages,and increasing its utilizability for such work.

More particularly my objects are: first, to provide an apparatus whichcan be quickly set up on the work and knocked down for transportation;secondly, to provide adjustable mountings on the base of the derrick forsupporting the engine or motive apparatus thereupon, whereby the latterbecomes a counterweight against the load; thirdly, to provide,substantially without eXtra cost, a stiifening construction for thebottom beam or bed-pieces of the derrick, whereby they can be utilizedas rollingplanes; fourthly, to provide a support for the top sheaves ofthe mast, which shall'be above the upper mast journal so as to givegreater freedom of rotation; iifthly, to provide special improvedbearings for the mast; siXthly, to provide means whereby the boom can beswung into the space between the two stililegs when desired; seventhly,to provide improved means for counterweighting the load on the rear endsof the legs; eighthly, to provide means for lashing the derrick to thebeams or other structure whereon it rests; ninthly, to provide vmeanswhereby a single friction drum on the engine may be used for sluing thederrick in either direction; tenthly, to provide an improved guide-piecefor the hoisting rope; and eleventhly, to provide means for preventingthe twisting of the hoisting-rope.

My invention comprises the special constructions and combinations whichwill be hereinafter described in detail and pointed out in my claims.

For the better understanding of my inven- Speccation of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 13, 1912.

Patented June 23, 1914.

serial No. 677,388.

this view the hoisting-engine is omitted;

Figs. 2 and 3 are a fragmentary end-view and side-view respectively on alarger scale of one of the bed-pieces showing the mounting of theweight-box and means for lashing the derrick; Fig. 4 is atransverse-section of the bed-piece and lashing-saddle upon the plane 4of Fig. 3, illustrating further the method of lashing the derrick to anunderlying structural member or portion of the work on which the derrickis being used; Fig. 5 is'a plan of the complete apparatus; Fig. 6 is afragmentary plan-section of the bottom horizontal portions of thederrick on a larger' scale, the section-plane being indicated by theline 6 in Fig. 1; Fig. 7 is a vertical median section through thederrick on a plane making an angle of 45 degrees with the plane ofprojection of Fig. 1, indicated by the line 7 in Fig. 5; the engine andconnected portions being shown in elevation; Fig. 8 is a fragmentaryvertical section on a larger scale taken substantially on the planeindicated by the line 8 in Fig. 5; Figs. 9 and 10 are longitudinalmedian sections through the upper and lower end respectively of themast, and mountings thereof; Fig. 11 is a side-view of the hoistingtackle on the end of the boom; Fig. 12 is a cross-section thereof on theplane indicated by line l2 in Fig. l1; and Fig. 13 is a fragmentaryhorizontal median section of a portion of the bed-piece sh wing themanner of securing thereto one of the timbers or joists which form asupport for the engine.

The apparatus, comprises in its main elements an upright mast A, a pairof bedpieces or horizontal beams B which make a right angle with eachother and at the intersection of which the mast is supported, a pair ofstili-legs C connecting the upper end of the mast with the rear ends ofthe respective bed-pieces, a pair of counterweightboxes D, a boom Epivoted to the mast at the lower ends; a cross-bracing frameworkcomprising uprights F, a horizontal-beam G and diagonale H and I, thesame extending diavonally between the centers of the two stilegs andbed-pieces; diagonal braces J connecting the center of each stiff-legwith the corresponding bed-piece at the mast-end thereof; and accessoryapparatus which will be described in order.

The mast A is supported upon a pedestal or step K at its lower end andby a bearingcollar M at its upper end, said step and collar being formedin the manner shown in detail in Figs. 9 and l0. lt will be observedthat the upper bearing-collar M, in contrast to all the derricks of thistype heretofore constructed, is situated below the ropesheaves a, overwhich pass the hoistingropes 0 and 02, the former of which hoists theboom by the tackle-sheaves 03 and 0t connected with the boom-end andmast-collar by st 'aps 05 and 0G respectively; and the other rope 02,passing over a sheave 07 on the end of the boom, is connected with thecranehook P through a tackle having several novel features which will behereinafter described. The mast iii may be made in any convenient form,and it is herein shown as of hollow boX-giider form, built up of twoopposite channels a2, a plate a3 on the boomside and lattice-bars at onthe other side; but this is immaterial to my invention. The boX-girderforming the mast-body is capped by a head-piece a5 having a shank a6extending within the mast-body and carrying ballbearings al and as, uponwhich the headpiece turns within the collar M. Above the bearings a7 andas is a bifurcated bracket a9 which carries the journal-pin am for thesheaves a/ and the straps 0G. The collar M has furthermore a pair ofsockets m for receiving the upper ends of the stiff-legs C, and hereinlies a novel feature of the invention.

As hereinabove mentioned, it is one object of the invention to providemeans for swinging the boom into the angle between the two stiif-legs,and thus making the crane available for a complete swing of 360 degrees,if necessary, and to this end the stiif-legs are each divided in themiddle into two members n and c2,the lower of which is permanentlysecured to the lower framework, while the upper is disco-nnectibletherefrom by means of bolts c3, which pass through and secure it to agusset-plate c* forming the means of connection of several of thestructural members, and its upper end removably secured by bolts o theflange of the socket m in such manner that when all but one of saidbolts is removed, the upper member c2 can be swung downwardly, asindicated by Jthe dotted-line position in F ig. l and the fulllineposition in Fig. 9. When this is to be done a temporary guy-rope Q, isattached to the mast-collar M and anchored to some point on the oppositeside of the stiff-leg, so

as to replace the latter as a support for the mast; all as indicated inthe dotted-line positions of Fig. l.

The lower journal bearing or foot-step K of the mast is illustrated inFig. l0. A footpiece all is riveted to the lower end of the mast andcarries also the supporting-plates e for-the pivot-pin e2 of the boom E.This foot-piece all like the head-piece a5 is hollow centrally to permitthe passage of the ropes 0 and 02. lt rests upon a ball-bearing am, andthis in turn is supported by an annular member als, which has aspherical lower surface resting upon a surface of the same shape on thestep-casting K. This spherically bottomed member als has an importantfunction to perform since it serves to adjust the bearing to any slightnon-alinemcnt of the mast. In cranes as heretofore constructed, I havefound that such lack of alinement of the mast step-bearing will causethe derrick to stick at certain points in sluing it around and yieldsuddenly, thus causing the load to swing and making the crane ditiicultto handle. The step K has an internal annular flange 7c which engagesthe bearing-flange a of the foot-piece, and thereby holds the step inpermanent but rotatable relation with the mast. This is of importance inthe matter of disconnecting the parts for shipment, as will be describedlater. The step K further carries the journal-pin k2 for the lowerrope-sheaves 7c3, and furthermore a hook extension 704 over which a ropemay be passed when it becomes necessary to lash the mast-corner of thederrick to prevent it from overturning. This will be the case wheneverthe boom is swung into the angle between the legs as above described,and in some cases even when the boom is swung around adjacent to one ofthe legs, if it carries a load which much overhangs a line passingthrough the two lashing-saddles b2 (Fig. l).

The step K, for the purpose of placing it in position on the end of themast, is bisected by the vertical plane which bisects the angle betweenthe legs and the two halves united together by bolts 735. Thehead-collar M is similarly bisected (see Fig. 7), but this does notappear in Fig. 9 because the section of the collar is taken in the planeof the leg, that is at l5 degrees to the plane of the section of thestep K. Fig. l0 further shows the corner-plate or gusset o which unitesthe bed-pieces B at the bottom as the step K does at the top.

On the outer end of each bed-piece is mounted a weight-box D which formsa special feature of my invention. These weightboxes may be filled withbricks, coal or other convenient material, and will generally make itunnecessary to otherwise secure the derrick against overturning; butwhere necessary I provide further a saddle b2 (Figs. 3 and 4) bolted tothe bed-piece and having flanges b5, said saddle having further arounded upper surface forming a means whereby a lashing-rope .716 may bewrapped around it and around an underlying structural member R (Fig. 4)and tightly drawn. The outer end of the weightbox D is supported upon atransversely placed channel t7 so as to raise it above the bed-piece andpermit the saddle to be placed under it. The outer side cl of theweightboX is preferably made in the form of a door journaled upon apintle-rod Z2 on its .lower edge and secured in the closed position by ahook Z3 or other suitable means; whereby the material in the box may bequickly removed by opening the door as shown by the dotted-line positionin Fig. 1.

One of the important features of my invention is the cross-framingconnecting the legs, which performs several functions, and isillustrated more especially in Figs. 6 and 8. This cross-framing,composed of the members F, G, II and I as hereinbefore mentioned, isdisconnectible from the rest for the purposes of shipment and themembers of it permanently connected together. The uprights F whichextend between the centers of the respective bed-pieces and stiff-legsare turned at an angle of 45 degrees to the plane of the framework, andconnected to the members G, H and I by the bent gussetplates f and f2.The two members H cross in the center and connect the upper end of eachupright F with the lower end of the opposite one, while the members Iconnect the upper ends of the respective uprights F with intermediatepoints on the beam G, serving to support the latter against bending. rhebeam G performs another function in connection with using thehoistingengine or motor as a counterweight for the derrick, vand this isdone by extending a pair of joists or timbers S in the middle of theangle between the two legs as shown. The ends of the timbers are beveledand abutted against the inner side-faces of the bed-pieces, tc whichthey are secured by bolts s passing through any one of a number of setsof holes bs in the bed-pieces, as shown in detail in Fig. 13. Saidtimbers are also supported intermediately from the beam G bystirrup-bolts s2 (Figs. 6 and 8), which pass between the two channelsconstituting the beam G and have their nuts on the upper face of thelatter. lIhus these timbers can be extended to any desired length andadditional weights used thereon counterweighting the derrick, but theyare destined, as aforesaid, particularly for supporting thehoisting-engine or motor, here illustrated by hoisting-drums T operatedby an engine t and boiler t2, all mounted upon a platform t3 on thejoists S. The hoisting-ropes 0 and 02 extend from the sheaves 7c3 to thedrums T. The distance apart of the timbers S may be varied by placingthe bolts s in different holes 68 and by sliding the stirrup-bolts s2along the beam G. I have also provided means for using the same enginefor sluing the crane in either direction. A horizontal sheave U,commonly termed a bull-wheel, is mounted upon the lower end of the mast,and the sluing-rope o3 passed around it. The ends of the rope 03 passbetween vertical snatch-drums u and below a horizontal drum u2 which aremounted upon blocking s3 on the timbers S. Either end of the rope 03 maybe applied to a frictiondrum t* on the engine when the boom is to beslued in the corresponding direction.

The tackle on the outer end of the boom is shown in Figs. 11 and 12.From the ournal-pin e3 on the end of the boom which carries the sheave07 depend straps V, between which is journaled a sheave o. Thecrane-hook P carries the customary sheave or sheaves 29. The rope 02from the sheave 07 passes successively around the sheaves p and o one ormore times, and has its end secured to a pin o2 termed the becket,carried by the straps V below the sheave o. A great dificulty in cranesas heretofore constructed has been caused by the twisting of the ropeand tackle, which makes it necessary to unfasten the end of the ropefrom the becket and remove the twisting. 'Io avoid this I have provideda swivel consisting of a link-member W engaging the becket o2 and aneye-bolt w, which is pivoted about a longitudinal axis to the link TVVas shown, the end 0f the rope o2 being secured in the eye of the bolt coas shown. lVith this arrangement the twists in the rope areautomatically relieved and the twisting of the tackle prevented.

To prevent displacement of the ropes from the sheaves due to theswinging of the load, I provide rope-guides o3, o4 having slots orpassageways o5, o6, @7, through which the rope passes, immediately belowthe respective sheaves. The passageway fv" in the lower guide o4, asshown in Fig. 12, is elongated Vto permit the passage of two laps of therope, one of which lies outside the other, and to allow said laps toswing free when the load swings from side to side.

A special feature of my invention consists in the arrangement of thebracing, whereby the stiff-legs are trussed and the bed-pieces Bstiffencd for use in rolling the crane from one point to another. Insuch cases one bed-piece may be supported upon a dolly or roller, whilethe other is placed upon wooden rolls, and for this purpose a plate b9is secured to the bottom of the bed-piece B, and has its outer end.slightlyY extending beyond it and turned up as shown at Z510. Thevertical post F and diagonal member J together act to stiffen the beam.

The derrick, as aforesaid, is especially intended for use onconstruction work and for this purposeit is necessary to have it easilyselmrable into pieces of convenient size for shipment. it isdisconnected so as to form the following principal elements: irst, themast A. with swivel-collar M and step-block K; secondly and thirdlyhthetwo partial trames comprising each a bed-piece B, a lower stilfdeg halt1c1, and diagonal J tourthly and titthly, the two upper still-leg halvesc2," sixthly, the diagonal trame work comprising the members F, G, H andl; seventhly and eighthly, the two weightboxes D 5 and ninthly andtenthly, the boom in two or more pieces, divided in the center by meansoit a jointpiece c4. Furthermore, my derrick is so constructed that itcan be readily hoisted as a whole, as for example, in raising it fromthe ground or a lower story in a building to an upper' story, by simplylashing the hoisting-rope around the intersc ltion between the twodiagonals H or joint-plate et. These being substantially iuunediatelyover the center ot gravity ot the structure, it will remain upright andwill not overturn when the boom E is removed. This makes it particularlyconvenient for use in such cases.

F rom the above description it will be readily seen that my invention isnot limited to special forms and mechanical constructions such as l havehereinabove shown by way et illustration, but that the principlesthereof are expressible in a variety of ways as will be well understoodby those skilled in the art; therefore the scope or my claims is to beinterpreted in view et such alternative constructions.

Having thus described my invention what l claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

l. ln a dori-ick, the combination with a mast of a step-bearing thereforcomprising a step-piece having a hollow spherical surface, and abearing-piece having a convex spherical. surt'ace ot the' same radiusresting therein, the lower cud or' said mast rotaably rcsting'on saidbearing-piece.

Q. In a derriclf, the combination with a mast ot a stepbearing thereforcomprising a step-piece having a hollow spherical surface, abearing-piece having a convex spherical surface oit the. same radiusresting therein, the lower end of said mast rotatably resting on saidbearing-piece, and a ballbearing between said bearing-piece and thelower end of said mast.

3. :in a` derrick, the combination with a mast, oit a hollow foot-piecesecured to the lower end thereot` and having a bearing, a bearing-piecehaving a bearing-surface on which said bearing turns and ay sphericalunder-surface, and a step-member having a coacting spherical surfaceupon which the spherical surface of said coacting-piece rests, saidstep-member having a flange interlocking with said toot-piece, wherebyit is securely swiveled upon the same.

el. In a derrick, the combination with a mast, of a hollow `toot-piecesecured to the lower end thereof and having a bearing, a bearing-piecehaving a bearing-surface on which said bearing turns, and a sphericalunder-surface, a step-member having a coacting spherical surface uponwhich the spherical. surface of said bearing-piece rests, saidstep-member having a flange interlocking with said foot-piece whereby itis diseonnectibly swiveled upon the same, and being biseeted by a medianplane into two symmetrical halves, astenings connecting the two halves,a journal-pin extending between the two halves and one or moreropesheaves rotatably mounted upon said journal-pin.

5. In a still-leg derrick, the combination of a. pair of bed-piecesforming an angle and united at the mast-ends, a mast journaledthereupon, a mast-collar at the upper end of said mast, a pair etstift-legs connecting said mast-collar with the further ends ot thebedpieces, and a lashing-saddle mounted on the tree end of one of saidbedpieces, and having an upper rounded surface to receive the lashingrope.

6. The combination with a stift-leg derrick having base members at anangle of horizontal beam-members secured to the base of the derrick atone end extending laterally at an angle bisecting the angle between thetwo legs and supported from the base mem-A bers at an intermediate pointwhereby a counterweight placed upon said beamsmembers may be utilized tocounterbalanee the load.

7. In a stili-leg derrick, the combination of two horizontal bed-pieces,a diagonal beam extending from an intermediate point of one bed-piece toan intermediate point of the other, and a pair of stirrup-boltsdepending from the lower side of said beam and adapted to embrace andsupport timbers extending at right angles to said beam; said bed-pieceshaving each a horizontal hole through which a bolt may be passed totasten the end of one ot said timbers.

8. In a still-leg derriek, the combination of the two horizontalbed-pieces making an angle with each other, a horizontal beam extendingdiagonally across the angle and connecting intermediate points of therespective bed-pieces, and means for securing and supporting a pair et'parallel timbers to and from intermediate points of said bedpieces andbeam, said timbers bisecting the angle between the two bed-pieces.

9. In a stili-leg derrick, the combination of the two bed-pieces makingan angle, a diagonal beam extending across the angle ssb and connectingintermediate points of the bed-pieces, a pair of parallel horizontalsupporting beam-members bisecting the angle between the two bed-pieces,means for fastening the end of each of said supportingmembers to theside of the corresponding bed-piece, and means for supporting eachbeam-member intermediately upon said diagonal beam.

10. In a stiff-leg derrick, the combination of a pair of horizontalbed-pieces making an angle and connected together at their meeting-ends,a diagonal-beam connecting said bed-pieces at intermediate points anddisposed above said bed-pieces, a pair of horizontal parallelsupporting-members lying in the same horizontal plane as said bed-piecesand bisecting the angle between them, the ends of saidsupporting-members being beveled and abutting upon the side faces ofsaid bed-pieces, bolts passing through said bedpieces and the ends ofsaid supportingmembers and connecting them together, and a pair ofstirrup-bolts mounted upon and depending from said diagonal beam andembracing and supporting said supportingmembers.

11. In a stiff-leg derrick, the combination with the mast and stiff-legframework, comprising a pair of bed-pieces and a pair of stiff-legs, ofdiagonal framing connecting intermediate points of said bed-pieces andstift"-v legs together.

12. ln a stiff-leg derrick, the combination with the mast andstiff-leg-framework comprising a pair of bed-pieces and a pair ofstilegs; of diagonal framing connecting intermediate points of saidbed-pieces and stiff-legs together, said framing having a point midwaybetween the two stiff-legs and bed-pieces for the attachment of meansfor hoisting the derrick.

13. In a stiff-leg derrick, the combination with the mast and stili-legframework comprising a pair of bed-pieces and a pair of stiff-legs, ofdiagonal framing connecting intermediate points of said bed-pieces andstiif-legs together; said framing comprising a horizontal beam, a pairof uprights at its ends, and diagonale connecting the upper end of eachupright with the lower end of the opposite upright.

14. In a stiff-leg derrick, the combination with the mast and stiff-legframework comprising a pair of bed-pieces and a pair of stiff-legs, ofdiagonal framing connecting intermediate points of said bed-pieces andstiff-legs together; said framework comprising a horizontal beam, a pairof uprights at its ends, diagonals connecting the upper end of eachupright with the lower end of the opposite upright, and a second pair ofdiagonals connecting the upper end of each upright with an intermediatepoint on said eam.

l5. In a stiff-leg derrick, the combination of arhorizontal bed-piece,an upright mast mounted to rotate at one end thereof, a stiff-legconnecting the opposite end of said bed-piece with the upper end of saidmast, an upright connecting the center of said stiff-leg` with thecenter of said bed-piece, and a diagonal connecting the center of saidstiff-leg with a point near the mast-end of said bed-piece.

16. lin a stiff-leg derrick, the combination of a horizontal bed-piece,an upright mast mounted to rotate at one end thereof, a stifllegconnecting the opposite end of said bedpiece with the upper end of saidmast, an upright connecting the center of said stileg with the. centerof said bed-piece, and a diagonal connecting the center of said stifflegwith a point near the mast-end of said bed-piece; said bed-piece havinga plate on the lower surface thereof whereby it can loe used to rollupon rollers.

17. A knock-down arrangement for a stiE- leg derrick comprising thecombination of the horizontal bed-piece, a lower stiff-leg halfpermanently connected to one end thereof, a diagonal permanentlyconnecting a point Ynear the free end of said bed-piece with the upperend of said lower stiH-leg half; a detached upper stiff-leg halfprovided with means for connecting it to the upper end of the lowerstiff-leg half, and an upright detachably connected to the middle ofsaid bed-piece and the upper end of said lower stiff-leg half.

18. A knock-down arrangement for a stiffleg derrick comprising incombination two members each consisting of a bed-piece, a lowerstiff-leg half, and a diagonal member connecting the upper end of saidlower stiffleg half with a point near the opposite end of saidbed-piece, one of said bed-pieces having means for connecting it to one.end of the other; a mast having mounted on its respective ends aswiveled step-bearing and a swiveled top-collar, the former having meansfor securing it to the meeting-ends of the two bed-pieces and the latterhaving sockets for the. upper ends of the stiff-legs; a pair of upperstileg halves, each detachably connected at one end to the respectivelower stiff-leg halves and at the other end to the respective sockets ofsaid collar; and a diagonal framework detachably connected with themiddle of the respective bed-pieces and the upper ends of the respectivelower stiff-leg halves.

19. A knock-down arrangement for a stiffleg derrick comprising incombination two members each consisting of a bed-piece, a lowerstiff-leg half, and a diagonal member connecting the upper end of saidlower stiffleg half with a point near the opposite end of saidbed-piece, one of said bed-pieces having means for connecting it to oneend of the other; a mast having` mounted on its respective ends aswivel'ed stepbearing and a swiveled top-collar, the former having meansfor securing it to the meetingeends of the two hed-pieces and the latterhaving sockets for the upper ends ot' the stiff-legs; a pair ol" upperstiff-leg halves, each detachably connected at one end to the respectivelower stitldeg halves and at the other end to the respective sockets ofsaid collar; a diagonal framework detachahlv connected with the middleof the respective bed-pieces and thel upper ends of the respective lowerstiff-leg halves; and a pair ctt weight-boxes mounted on the fartherendsof said bed-pieces.

20. A knocledown arrangement for a stifflegderrick comprising incombination two members each consisting of a hed-piece7 a lowerstiff-leg half, and a diagonal member connecting the upper end of saidlower stitileg half with a point near the opposite end of said hedpiece,one of said hedpieces having means for connecting it tol one end of lthe other; a mast having mounted on its respective ends a swrveledstep-bearing and a swiveled top-collar, the former having tlie twohed-pieces and the latter having E sockets for the upper ends oli thestitllegs;

1 a pair of upper stit-leg halves7 each detachl ably connected at oneend to the respective lower stili-leg halves and at the other end @tothe respective sockets of said collar; and fa diagonal frameworkdetachably connected with the middle of the respective bed-pieces l andthe upper ends of the respective lower stiii-leg halves; said diagonalframework @comprising a pair of uprights extending loe @tween the middleot said bed-pieces and the lupper ends of said stiH-legs and adapted tostillen the former, a horizontal beam connecting the lower ends of saiduprights7 and diagonale connecting the upper end of geach upright withthe lower end of the opposite upright.

In witness whereof` l have hereunto set lmy hand in the presence of twowitnesses.

S. B. HARDING.

lVitnesses:

H. F. PAZIK,

G. T. RUNGE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, byaddressingv the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, '.D. C.

